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Awards

• 2014 Research Output Prize (Faculty of Social Sciences), The University of Hong Kong
• 2013 Faculty Knowledge Exchange Award, The University of Hong Kong

Selected Publications

( some online links, further links below)

• “The case against compulsory vaccination: the failed arguments from risk imposition, tax evasion, ‘social liberty’, and the priority of life,” Journal of Medical Ethics (Latest Content).
• Freedom, Culture, and the Right to Exclude: On the Permissibility and Necessity of Immigration Restrictions (New York and London: Routledge 2022).
• “Really Just Words: Against McGowan’s Arguments for Further Speech Regulation,” Philosopia (2022, Online First).
• “Lazar on ‘Moral Sunk Costs’ and the ‘Discount View’”, Ratio Juris 35(1) (2022), pp. 21-29.
• The Ethics of War and the Force of Law: A Modern Just War Theory (London and New York: Routledge 2021).
• “The indispensable mental element of justification and the failure of purely objectivist (mostly ‘revisionist’) just war theories,” Zeitschrift für Ethik und Moralphilosophie (2020, Online First).
• “Doing Away with ‘Legitimate Authority,’” Journal of Military Ethics (2020, Latest Articles).
• Self-Defense, Necessity, and Punishment: A Philosophical Analysis (London and New York: Routledge, 2020)
• “Border Coercion and ‘Democratic Legitimacy’: On Abizadeh’s Argument Against Current Regimes of Border Control,” Res Publica (Online First, 2019).
• “Right Intention: A Reply to Janzen, Purves, and Jenkins,” Journal of Military Ethics 7(1-2) (2018), pp. 172-176.
• “Replies,” San Diego Law Review 55 (2018), pp. 469-538.
• “Against a ‘Combined Liability-Lesser-Evil Justification,’” Philosophia 47(2) (2019), pp. 533-553.
• “The Secret to the Success of the Doctrine of Double Effect (and Related Principles): Biased Framing, Inadequate Methodology, and Clever Distractions,” Journal of Ethics 22 (3-4) (2018), pp. 235–263.
• “Wild Goose Chase: Still No Rationales for the Doctrine of Double Effect and Related Principles,”Criminal Law and Philosophy 13(1) (2019), pp 1–25.
• “Bennett, intention and the DDE – The sophisticated bomber as pseudo-problem,” Analysis 78(1) (2018), pp. 73-80.
• “Just Cause and the Continuous Application of Jus Ad Bellum,” in Larry May (ed.), The Cambridge Handbook of the Just War (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018), pp. 80-97
• “Proportionality in Self-Defense,” Journal of Ethics 21(3) (2017), pp. 263-289.
• “Saba Bazargan-Forward and Samuel C. Rickless (eds.), The Ethics of War: Essays,” (invited book review), Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews (2017), http://ndpr.nd.edu/news/the-ethics-of-war-essays/.
• “Is There a Duty to Militarily Intervene to Stop a Genocide?” in Christian Neuhäuser and Christoph Schuck (eds.), Military Interventions: Considerations from Philosophy and Political Science (Baden-Baden: Nomos, 2017), pp. 59-80.
• “Stephen Kershnar, Gratitude Toward Veterans: Why Americans Should Not Be Very Grateful to Veterans” (invited book review), Journal of Value Inquiry, 50(2) (2016), pp. 479-481.
• “When May Soldiers Participate in War?” International Theory 8(2) (2016), pp. 262-296.
• “The Liability of Justified Attackers,” Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 19(4) (2016), pp. 1015-1030.
• “Renzo’s Attempt to Ground State Legitimacy on a Right to Self-Defence, and the Uselessness of Political Obligation,” Ratio Juris 29(1) (2016), pp. 122–135.
• “Self-Defense as Claim Right, Liberty, and Act-Specific Agent-Relative Prerogative,” Law and Philosophy 35(2) (2016), pp. 193-209.
• “Justifying Defense Against Non-Responsible Threats and Justified Aggressors: the Liability vs. the Rights-Infringement Account,” Philosophia: Philosophical Quarterly of Israel 44(1) (2016), pp 247-265.
• “What Is Self-Defense?” Public Affairs Quarterly 29(4) (2015), pp. 385-402.
• "Matthew H. Kramer, Torture and Moral Integrity: A Philosophical Inquiry" (invited book review, 2015), Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal.
• “Über die unüberwundenen Begründungsdefizite der ‘Kritischen Theorie‘ – Von Habermas zu Forst” (“On the Enduring Justificatory Shortcomings of ‘Critical Theory‘ – From Habermas to Forst”), Zeitschrift für kritische Sozialtheorie und Philosophie 2(1) (2015), pp. 67-100.
• (ed.) Do All Persons Have Equal Moral Worth? On ‘Basic Equality’ and Equal Respect and Concern, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2014.
• “Why We Shouldn’t Reject Conflicts: A Critique of Tadros,” Res Publica 20(3) (2014), pp. 315-322.
• "Just Cause and ‘Right Intention,’” Journal of Military Ethics 13(1) (2014), pp. 32-48.
• “Rainer Forst, Justification and Critique,” (invited book review), Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews, April 2014.
• “Helen Frowe’s ‘Practical Account of Self-Defence’: A Critique”, Public Reason 5(1) (2013), pp. 87-96.
• “Against Pogge’s ‘Cosmopolitanism’”, Ratio 26 (2013), pp. 329-341.
• “Rodin on Self-Defense and the ‘Myth’ of National Self-Defense: A Refutation”, Philosophia 41 (2013), pp. 1017–1036.
  
• “Killing Them Safely: Extreme Asymmetry and its Discontents”, in Bradley Jay Strawser (ed.), Killing by Remote Control: The Ethics of an Unmanned Military, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2013, pp. 179-207.
• On the Ethics of Torture, State University of New York Press, Albany, 2013.
• "Cécile Fabre, Cosmopolitan War," (invited book review), Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews, April 2013.
• “Why ‘We’ Are Not Harming the Global Poor: A Critique of Pogge’s Leap from State to Individual Responsibility,” Public Reason 4 (2012), pp. 119-138.
• “The Moral Equality of Modern Combatants and the Myth of Justified War”, Theoretical and Applied Ethics 1(4) (2012), pp. 35-44. (The issue also contains comments on this article by Michael Neu and by Gerald Lang.)
• “Unsavory Implications of A Theory of Justice and The Law of Peoples: The Denial of Human Rights and the Justification of Slavery”, The Philosophical Forum 43(2) (2012), pp. 175-196.
• “Legalizing Defensive Torture”, Public Affairs Quarterly 26(1) (2012), pp. 19-32.
• “Rights, Liability, and the Moral Equality of Combatants”, The Journal of Ethics 16(4) (2012), pp. 339-366.
• “The Guerrilla Strikes Back: A Comment on Yvonne Chiu”, Diametros 30 (2011), pp. 61-75.
• “Killing Civilians”, in Hew Strachan and Sibylle Scheipers (eds.), The Changing Character of War, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2011, pp. 381-393.
• “In Defense of Warlords”, in Jovan Babic (ed.), Assymetric Wars, International Relations, and the Just War Theory (Philosophical Yearbook 23/2010 of the Faculty of Philosophy of the University of Belgrade) (published 2011), pp. 175-195.
• “Ethics and Mercenaries”, in Paolo Tripodi and Jessica Wolfendale (eds.), New Wars and New Soldiers: Military Ethics in the Contemporary World, Ashgate, Farnham and Burlington 2011, pp. 137-151.
• “Torture Can Be Self-Defense: A Critique of Whitley Kaufman” Ethics & International Affairs22(1) (2008) (online only, posted 2011).
• “Benbaji on Killing in War and ‘the War Convention’”, The Philosophical Quarterly (60) 2010, pp. 616-23.
• “Defusing the Ticking Social Bomb Argument: The Right to Self-Defensive Torture“, Global Dialogue 12(1) (2010).
• “In Defence of Guerrillas”, Diametros 23 (2010), p. 84-103.
  
• The Philosophy of Jürgen Habermas: A Critical Introduction, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2009.
• “Jeff McMahan: Killing in War” (book review), Cambridge Review of International Affairs 22(3) (2009), S. 245-246.
• “Justifying Defensive Torture”, in Beverly Clucas, Gerry Johnstone, Tony Ward (eds.), Torture: Moral Absolutes and Ambiguities, Nomos, Baden-Baden 2009, pp. 43-67.
• “Jeff McMahan on the Moral Inequality of Combatants”, Journal of Political Philosophy 16 (2008), pp. 220-226.
• “What Are Mercenaries?” in Andrew Alexandra, Deane-Peter Baker, Marina Caparini (eds.),Private Military and Security Companies: Ethics, Policies and Civil-Military Relations, Routledge, London 2008, pp. 19-29.
• On the Ethics of War and Terrorism, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2007.
• “Why There Is No Barbarization but a Lot of Barbarity in Warfare”, in George Kassimeris (ed.),The Warrior's Dishonour: Barbarity, Morality and Torture in Modern Warfare, Ashgate, London and Burlington 2006, pp. 101-111.
• “Yet another revised DDE? A Note on David K. Chan's DDED”, Ethical Theory and Moral Practice (2006), pp. 231-236.
• “Torture: The Case for Dirty Harry and against Alan Dershowitz”, Journal of Applied Philosophy 23 (2006), pp. 337-353. Reprinted in David Rodin (ed.), War, Torture and Terrorism: Ethics and War in the 21st Century, Blackwell, Oxford 2007, pp. 97-113. Also reprinted in an abridged version in John Arthur und Steven Scalet (eds.), Morality and Moral Controversies: Readings in Moral, Social and Political Philosophy, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 2008.
• Effiziente Ethik: Über Rationalität, Selbstformung, Politik und Postmoderne (Efficient Ethics: On Rationality, Self-Formation, Politics and Postmodernity), Mentis, Paderborn 2006.
• “Commentary: Moral Ambiguities in the Bombing of Monte Cassino”, Journal of Military Ethics4(2) (2005), pp. 142-143.
• “How Can Terrorism Be Justified?”, in: Igor Primoratz (ed.), Terrorism: The Philosophical Issues, Palgrave, Basingstoke 2004 , pp. 139-156.
• “Justificación, liberalismo y democracia radical” in: Ricardo Maliandi, Alberto Damiani (eds.), Es peligroso argumentar? Ensayos sobre política y argumentación I, Suarez editor, Mar del Plata 2003, pp. 155-167.
• “On the Concept, Function, Scope, and Evaluation of Justification(s)”, Argumentation 14 (2000), pp. 79-105.
• “Truth vs. Rorty”, Philosophical Quarterly 47 (1997), pp. 358-361. Reprinted in: Alan Malachowski (ed.), Richard Rorty, Sage, London 2002.
• “Menschenrechte als Tauschgeschäft? Zur Theorie Otfried Höffes” (“Human Rights as Barter? On the Theory of Otfried Höffe”), Philosophisches Jahrbuch 105/I (1997), pp. 170-175.